Pulmonary angiography

Definition

肺血管造影是一种检查血液如何流经肺部的检查.

Angiography is an imaging test that uses x-rays 用一种特殊的染料来观察动脉的内部. 动脉是将血液从心脏输送出去的血管.

Alternative Names

Pulmonary arteriography; Pulmonary angiogram; Angiogram of the lungs

How the Test is Performed

This test is done at a hospital. You will be asked to lie on an x-ray table.

• 在测试开始前，你会被注射一剂温和的镇静剂来帮助你放松.
• An area of your body, most often the arm or groin, 用局部麻醉药(麻醉剂)清洗并麻醉。.
• 放射科十大赌博平台排行榜在被清洁过的区域插入一根针或在静脉上做一个小切口. 插入一根称为导管的细中空管.
• 导管穿过静脉，小心地向上移动，进入并穿过右侧心腔，进入肺动脉, which leads to the lungs. 十大赌博平台排行榜可以在类似电视的显示器上看到该区域的实时x光图像，并将其作为指导.
• 一旦导管就位，染料就会被注入导管. 通过x射线图像来观察染料如何在肺部动脉中移动. 这种染料有助于检测血液流动的阻塞.

Your pulse在手术过程中会检查血压和呼吸. Electrocardiogram (ECG)导线被绑在你的手臂和腿上来监测你的心脏.

拍完x光片后，取出针和导管.

按压穿刺部位20至45分钟以止血. 在此之后，检查该区域并使用紧密的绷带. 手术后你应该保持腿伸直6小时.

如果在手术过程中发现血凝块，很少会将药物输送到肺部.

How to Prepare for the Test

您可能会被要求在测试前6到8小时内不要吃或喝任何东西.

你将被要求穿上病号服并签署一份手术同意书. Remove jewelry from the area being imaged.

Tell your health care provider:

• If you are pregnant
• 如果你曾经对x射线造影剂有过敏反应, shellfish, or iodine substances
• If you are allergic to any medicines
• 您正在服用哪些药物(包括草药制剂)?
• 如果你曾经有过出血问题

How the Test will Feel

The x-ray table may feel cold. 如果感到不舒服，就要求用毯子或枕头. 当给你麻药时，你可能会感到一阵短暂的刺痛, sharp, stick as the catheter is inserted.

当导管向上进入肺部时，你可能会感到一些压力. 对比染料会给人一种温暖和发红的感觉. 这是正常的，通常会在几秒钟内消失.

测试后，注射部位可能会有压痛和瘀伤.

Why the Test is Performed

The test is most often used to detect blood clots (pulmonary embolism)和肺部血流中的其他阻塞. 大多数情况下，你的十大赌博平台排行榜会尝试其他测试来诊断肺部的血块.

肺血管造影也可用于帮助诊断:

• AV malformations of the lung
• 先天性(出生时就有)肺血管狭窄
• Pulmonary artery aneurysms
• Pulmonary hypertension肺部动脉的高血压

Normal Results

x光片会显示出这个人的正常结构.

What Abnormal Results Mean

Abnormal results may be due to:

• Aneurysms of pulmonary vessels
• 肺中的血块(肺栓塞)
• Narrowed blood vessel
• Primary pulmonary hypertension
• Tumor in the lung

Risks

在这个测试中，一个人可能会出现不正常的心律. 医疗团队将监测你的心脏，并可以治疗任何出现的异常节律.

Other risks include:

• Allergic reaction to the contrast dye
• 针和导管插入时对血管的损伤
• 血凝块进入肺部，引起 embolism
• 导管插入处出血过多或出现血块, which can reduce blood flow to the leg
• Heart attack or stroke
• 血肿(针孔处的血肿)
• Injury to the nerves at the puncture site
• Kidney damage from the dye
• Injury to blood vessels in the lung
• Bleeding into the lung
• Coughing up blood
• Respiratory failure
• Death

There is low radiation exposure. 你的十大赌博平台排行榜将监测和调节x射线，以提供最少的辐射暴露. 大多数专家认为，与好处相比，风险是低的. 孕妇和儿童对x光的风险更敏感.

Considerations

Computed tomography (CT) angiography 胸部检查已经在很大程度上取代了这个测试.

References

Hartman IJC, Screaton NJ. 肺循环和肺血栓栓塞. 见:Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM，编. Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 16.

Nazeef M, Sheehan JP. Venous thromboembolism. In: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, Heidelbaugh JJ, Lee EM，等. Conn's Current Therapy 2023. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:952-962.

Reekers JA. 血管造影术:原理、技术和并发症. 见:Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM，编. Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 78.