雌二醇血检

定义

An estradiol test measures the amount of a hormone called estradiol in the blood. Estradiol is one of the main types of estrogens.

选择的名字

E2测试

How the Test is Performed

A 需要血液样本.

How to Prepare for the Test

Your health care provider may tell you to temporarily stop taking certain medicines that may affect test results. Be sure to tell your provider about all the medicines you take. 这些包括:

• 避孕药
• Antibiotics such as ampicillin or tetracycline
• 糖皮质激素
• 脱氢表雄酮(一种补充剂)
• 雌激素
• Medicine to manage mental disorders (such as phenothiazine)
• 睾酮

Do not stop taking any medicine before talking to your doctor.

考试的感觉如何

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain. Others feel only a prick or stinging. Afterward, there may be some throbbing or a slight bruise. 这很快就会消失.

Why the Test is Performed

In women, most estradiol is released from the ovaries and adrenal glands. It is also released by the placenta during pregnancy. Estradiol is also produced in other body tissues, such as skin, fat, cells bone, brain, and liver. Estradiol plays a role in:

• Growth of the womb (uterus), fallopian tubes, and vagina
• 乳房发育
• Changes of the outer genitals
• 体脂分布
• 更年期

In men, a small amount of estradiol is mainly released by the testes. Estradiol helps prevent sperm from dying too early.

This test may be ordered to check:

• How well your ovaries, placenta, or adrenal glands work
• If you have signs of an ovarian tumor
• If male or female body characteristics are not developing normally
• If your periods have stopped (levels of estradiol vary, depending on the time of month)

The test may also be ordered to check if:

• Hormone therapy is working for women in 更年期
• A woman is responding to fertility treatment

The test may also be used to monitor people with 垂体机能减退 and women on certain fertility treatments.

正常的结果

The results may vary, depending on the person's sex and age.

• 男性:10至50 pg/mL (36.7 to 183.6 pmol / L)
• Female (premenopausal): 30 to 400 pg/mL (110 to 1468.4 pmol / L)
• Female (postmenopausal): 0 to 30 pg/mL (0 to 110 pmol/L)

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples. Talk to your doctor about the meaning of your specific test result.

What Abnormal Results Mean

Disorders that are associated with abnormal estradiol results include:

• Early (precocious) puberty 女孩
• Growth of abnormally large breasts in men (男子女性型乳房)
• Lack of periods in women (闭经)
• Reduced function of the ovaries (卵巢机能减退)
• Problem with genes, such as Klinefelter综合症, 特纳综合征
• Rapid weight loss or low body fat

风险

There is little risk involved with having your blood taken. Veins and arteries vary in size from one person to another and from one side of the body to the other. Taking blood from some people may be more difficult than from others.

Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight, but may include:

• 大出血
• Fainting or feeling lightheaded
• Multiple punctures to locate veins
• Hematoma (blood accumulating under the skin)
• Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)

参考文献

Guber HA, Oprea M, Russell YX. Evaluation of endocrine function. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 24日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 25.

洛沃拉. Primary and secondary 闭经 and precocious puberty. In: Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, 洛沃拉, eds. 全面的妇科. 8日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 36.